Understanding how these programs navigated the crisis is essential for developing adaptive and resilient training programs globally. Although Rushton12 uses the term of collective resilience, she refers to individual and collective resilience, and she does not develop a definition or address this term separately from the general concept of moral resilience. For instance, Rushton states that “one of the crucial elements of moral resilience is the capacity for moral repair, both individually and collectively” (p. 70). It seems that there are no specific differences between moral resilience at the individual level or at the collective one.

CCTV self-assessment checklist

• One of the limitations of this study is that the case studies were not produced for research purposes and therefore lack details and specificity.
• The authors would like to thank the Local Government Association, UK, for their support and contribution to developing the online collection of COVID community champion case studies.
• A qualitative analysis was conducted on PD’s written responses to a COVID-19 survey administered by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-International from July 1 to September 30, 2020.

CCTV systems are an essential part of modern safety and security strategies, especially in schools, public buildings, and local authority sites. But with increasing focus on privacy and data protection, public sector organisations must not only install effective systems – they must also manage them in line with best practice. These programme features are potentially transferable and could be used to guide the establishment of new champion programmes either in emergencies or in the context of addressing longer term health inequalities. In terms of target communities, programmes reflected the purpose of the government scheme to work with groups disproportionately affected by COVID-19 (Table 3). Most case studies made reference to health inequalities and vulnerable populations, with six emphasising high levels of socioeconomic deprivation in their area and a further six highlighting ethnicity as a determinant of health.

This synthesis of practice-based case studies confirms that the community champion model was adaptable when developing local community-centred responses to reduce inequalities and improve access to vaccines. Flexibility in implementation was underpinned by core programme features around recruitment, training, inclusivity, communication and community leadership. From the perspective of public health practice, the primary facilitating factor was seen to be closer relationships between communities and public authorities based on mutual respect and trust.

Detailed guidance

The government scheme allowed for local adaption as each local authority developed their own bespoke community champion programme to address health need. Where reported, initial design tended to be led by public health and local authority staff, whereas the development of champion activities was mostly done in partnership with Voluntary and Community Sector (VCS) organisations and other local partners, such as health services. Results confirmed a shared rationale that community champion roles were seen as a means to improve outreach and engagement with underserved communities. A cross cutting theme was the creation of participation structures where public health and other staff could engage directly with community champions, opening up opportunities for shared decision making. A minority of programmes adopted an explicit empowerment approach aiming to increase community leadership c7, c11, c13, c15.

The Role of the Human Rights Act in Regulating School CCTV Systems

You should read this information alongside our other pages on applying the standards in response to COVID-19 Including all relevant government guidance. While legal requirements relating to COVID-19 are likely to see a significant change during 2021, the HCPC expects registrants to always assess the risks posed to service users and colleagues and to take steps to mitigate these risks where possible. This is primarily targeted at registrants who deliver non-emergency services in the community – outside of hospitals. This might include primary care services, professionals who visit service users in their homes or private clinics. This is primarily targeted at professionals who deliver non-emergency services in the community – outside of hospitals. “The protocols that were evolving frequently were assimilated by the residents very well and implemented accordingly.

Authors and Affiliations

This was a collaborative study initiated through OHID as part of a collaborative research agreement, and then designed and carried out by researchers at Leeds Beckett University. Three of the authors were involved in the initial collation of case studies as part of their OHID roles (TM, JAS, JS) as part of disseminating evidence on community-centred public health. While close collaboration between practitioners and academics can improve knowledge translation and the relevance of research, it meant that we were sensitised to some of the themes and our prior knowledge may have influenced interpretations. To ensure authenticity of the final results in relation to the data, the academic team included independent researchers who had not been involved in the original collation of case studies (JW, AB, AP). Analysis was conducted using recognised qualitative techniques with opportunities for cross checking and validation of results built in at each stage. The PDs acknowledged that the willingness of faculty to work alongside residents as a team, regardless of the level of seniority, provided the residents with much-needed motivation and role-modelling opportunities.

However, we believe that it is important to specifically address the concept of collective moral resilience. Given the focus of the government funding, many case studies reported on the critical role of champions in supporting COVID vaccination roll out. This involved promotion of the vaccine, actively addressing misinformation, and in some communities, supporting vaccine delivery. An example was given of champions addressing transport barriers by creating a local taxi scheme to take people to the vaccine clinics c10.

Developing an online knowledge sharing platform and community of practice for health professionals

• From the perspective of public health practice, the primary facilitating factor was seen to be closer relationships between communities and public authorities based on mutual respect and trust.
• Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned.
• Evidence pre-pandemic shows that community champion interventions tap into social networks to strengthen connections with disadvantaged communities.
• Despite the lack of knowledge about this novel disease, residents managed the unfamiliar situation, demonstrating adaptability to make sense of constant changes and inform their practice 25, 26.
• De-identified narrative reflections on the pandemic’s impact on clinical learning environments and training experiences were analyzed using thematic content analysis.

However, OHID teams, including the authors (TM, JAS, JS) took an inclusive approach based on the value of disseminating multiple and varied examples of learning. The whole research team then made the decision to include all published case studies of COVID community champions in the later synthesis. In January 2021, the UK government introduced a COVID community champions scheme 20 to respond to the then emerging evidence of health disparities around COVID-19 prevalence, morbidity and mortality 21 including a disproportionate impact on ethnic minority communities 22. An earlier paper presented to the government’s scientific advisory board had highlighted the potential for the community/health champion approach to be adapted to support NHS Test and Trace services, by enabling reach into particular communities and tackling low trust in government 23.

The sample potentially represents some of the ‘best available’ evidence on the realities of implementation during a very busy and challenging period for public health 53, when interviews and other data gathering processes might have distracted from front-line delivery. Practitioners should be encouraged to provide detailed accounts of learning, which include reflections on what does not work and how implementation evolves from initial plans in response to barriers and changing needs. While practice based case studies are a recognised source of learning about public health in the field 28, 35, data are not collected in a robust and systematic way to allow conclusions to be drawn about effectiveness. One of the limitations of this study is that the case studies were not produced for research purposes and therefore lack details and specificity. This is a common challenge in documentary analysis 50 and limits the conclusions that can be drawn from this type of evidence.

Video surveillance guidance (including information for organisations using CCTV)

Broadly, this insight into public health practice in a challenging context supports a wider evidence base on similar roles in communicable disease control and in promotion of health and wellbeing 12, 17. In particular, the COVID community champion approach shares some similarities with the Popular Opinion Leader model, which has a focus on individuals from at-risk groups able to influence others through their social networks 5, 41, 42. An earlier rapid review in 2021 noted that little robust evidence on COVID community champions had yet emerged 17; however, there were some reports of similar approaches being adapted as part of the pandemic response in other countries 5, 43, 44. From the perspective of UK public health practice, this approach appears most useful when working with marginalised communities who have the greatest health risks and face significant barriers to receiving health messages and accessing prevention services.

Second, we define and explain moral resilience as one of the most valuable responses to moral distress and propose the term collective moral resilience as the response to moral distress which emerges from the shared experience of the community. Third, we explain CoPs, highlighting the main characteristics of CoPs in healthcare settings, and showing ways in which CoPs can promote moral resilience in healthcare professionals to cope with moral distress. Finally, we address some of the main challenges that this proposal has for education and innovation in the healthcare field.

Where you provide face-to-face care, you must put the appropriate steps in place to reduce risk to yourself, colleagues and others. Also carefully consider the practical restrictions and inherent risks of practising remotely and manage those risks appropriately. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. “The ambiguity of the new disease and unknown impact on patients put both the residents and faculty at the same level of knowledge and certainty. Senior medicine residents were leading and supervising non-internal chicken road game google play medicine physicians (e.g. consultant surgeons), yet were able to work effectively in a multidisciplinary team.” PD 11. “The residents were under pressure as the rest of the staff, but it was a good learning experience for them to work in extraordinary circumstances.” PD 18.

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The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-International (ACGME-I), a nongovernmental organization formed in 2009, oversees the accreditation of GME programs outside the United States 20. At the time of the study, 161 residency and fellowship programs in six countries in Asia and the Middle East were accredited by the ACGME-I and are included in the study. If your CCTV system captures images of people outside the boundary of your private domestic property – for example, from neighbours’ homes or gardens, shared spaces, or from public areas – then the GDPR and the DPA will apply to you. If you do not comply with your data protection obligations you may be subject to appropriate regulatory action by the ICO, as well as potential legal action by affected individuals.

Notwithstanding the limitations of experiential evidence, the synthesis of practice-based learning highlights potentially transferable community engagement strategies for health protection and health improvement. In order to foster collective moral resilience in healthcare, it is necessary to provide some guidance on ideal characteristics when establishing a CoP to achieve this goal. Our examination of existing CoP shows that face to face discussions are most effective when discussing complex emotional and ethical issues.

The next stage was a cross case analysis to identify the patterns and differences between case studies, retaining the contextual information within individual cases 34, 36. A further round of analysis was undertaken to identify a set of themes best representing reported learning points and additional reflections on programme development. Brief vignettes summarising local approaches were also developed to help retain contextual information about local programmes.